Description

A muscle cramp occurs when muscle tissue suddenly contracts, creating a sudden spasm of pain. The muscle may stay cramped for several minutes before returning to its normal position. After cramping, the affected muscle may also be sore and tender to the touch.

Muscle cramps are generally caused by over use. Someone who spends long periods of time writing with a pen may experience a cramping sensation in the thumb and first two fingers of the hand. An athlete may get a cramp in a calf muscle after running harder than usual. While physical activity is the primary cause of cramps, dehydration can make the condition worse. Water helps keep muscle tissue supple; when muscle tissue becomes dehydrated, it loses its flexibility and thus is more prone to cramping.

Signs and Symptoms

Sudden, sharp pain in muscles

Soreness or tenderness that worsens during movement

Visible muscle spasm

Tightness or stiffening in the muscle

Conventional Medical Treatment

Muscle cramps can usually be treated at home. Gently and continuously massage the affected muscle to relieve the tightness. Once it has loosened up, gently stretch it. If your muscle cramp does not respond to home treatment and lasts for more than an hour, contact your physician. You also should Contact your physician if you suffer from frequent muscle cramping. Severe cramps in your shoulders, chest, or arms can be signs of a heart attack.

Complementary and Alternative Treatments

Nutrition and Supplementation

Eat lots of dark-green and leafy vegetables, such as kelp, brewer's yeast, and alfalfa.

Muscle cramps can be caused by electrolyte (mineral) depletion from overexertion during exercise. To avoid muscle cramps, make a mineral cocktail: combine 16 ounces pure water, the juice of 2 lemons, 1 tablespoon raw honey, and 1/4 to 1/2 teaspoon natural sea salt (available at health food stores); drink during exercise, or whenever you perspire. (Caution: If you are on a salt-restricted diet, consult with your healthcare provider before taking this cocktail.) Quality water flushes out toxins stored in the muscles. Drink 1 glass every 3 hours throughout the day.

The following daily supplements are good for preventing or treating muscle cramps:

magnesium (as magnesium glycinate) (750 mg)

calcium (as calcium citrate or lactate, not carbonate form) (1500 mg)

vitamin E (start with 400 IU and slowly increase to 1000 IU daily)-improves circulation; especially beneficial if cramping is due to varicose veins

vitamin C with bioflavonoids (3000 to 6000 mg)

vitamin D (400 IU)-necessary for calcium uptake

potassium (99 mg)-aids in relieving muscle cramps

omega-3 oils (fish or flaxseed) (as directed on label)-anti-inflammatory