Description

A muscle cramp occurs when muscle tissue suddenly contracts, creating a sudden spasm of pain. The muscle may stay cramped for several minutes before returning to its normal position. After cramping, the affected muscle may also be sore and tender to the touch.

Muscle cramps are generally caused by over use. Someone who spends long periods of time writing with a pen may experience a cramping sensation in the thumb and first two fingers of the hand. An athlete may get a cramp in a calf muscle after running harder than usual. While physical activity is the primary cause of cramps, dehydration can make the condition worse. Water helps keep muscle tissue supple; when muscle tissue becomes dehydrated, it loses its flexibility and thus is more prone to cramping.